Bornavirus Aviar y Enfermedad de Dilatación Proventricular: Hechos, Preguntas y Controversias

Date: Mayo 25, 2014, actualizado y modificado Julio 17, 2014

De: Sharman Hoppes, DVM, DABVP (Avian Practice)

Second Author:Christal Pollock, DVM, DABVP (Avian Practice)

Revisado por: Ian Tizard, BVMS, PhD, Dipl. ACVM, ScD; Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine y Neil Forbes, BVetMed DECAMS FRCVS; Great Western Exotics, Swindon, Reino Unido

Traductor: Santiago Díaz, DVM

Palabras clave: , ,

Categorías: Ave de Presa,  Aves Acuáticas,  Aviar,  Canario,  Paseriformes,  Psitácidas,  Ranfástido, 

Puntos clave

  • Se ha demostrado que el Bornavirus aviar es una causa del síndrome conocido anteriormente como enfermedad de dilatación proventricular o PDD.
  • El Bornavirus aviar es un virus lábil, susceptible a la mayoría de desinfectantes, detergentes y a la luz ultravioleta.
  • Los pájaros pueden albergar una infección asintomática del Bornavirus aviar.
  • El Bornavirus aviar es diseminado intermitentemente en las heces y los uratos.
  • La enfermedad clínica se desarrolla de forma secundaria a la respuesta del cuerpo a la infección, a medida que infiltraciones linfocíticas y de células plasmáticas se desarrollan en el cerebro, médula espinal y nervios periféricos. Este proceso se describe frecuentemente como una ganglioneuritis neuropática.
  • La progresión de la enfermedad o ganglioneuritis neuropática, puede ser lenta o bastante rápida.
  • Los signos clínicos de la ganglioneuritis neuropática varían típicamente entre signos gastrointestinales, signos neurológicos o ambos signos gastrointestinales y neurológicos.
  • El diagnóstico definitivo antemortem es complicado pero generalmente consiste en una combinación de PCR y serología.
  • Si es posible se recomienda el aislamiento de las aves infectadas; el sacrificio de las aves infectadas NO se recomienda.

La enfermedad de dilatación proventricular o PDD es una de las condiciones más frustrantes para los veterinarios, avicultores y dueños de mascotas hoy en día. El descubrimiento reciente del Bornavirus aviar como un agente etiológico de PDD no ha simplificado los desafíos. La detección del Bornavirus aviar es común en pájaros con PDD pero el virus también es detectado en bastante pájaros que se encuentran saludables y pájaros con otras enfermedades crónicas . . .

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