{"id":15494,"date":"2017-01-18T06:45:41","date_gmt":"2017-01-18T06:45:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/?p=15494"},"modified":"2025-08-10T20:12:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T01:12:44","slug":"parrots-can-play-mind-games","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/parrots-can-play-mind-games\/","title":{"rendered":"Parrots Can Play Mind Games"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>The Best Laid Plans\u2026<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15498\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15498\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-15498 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/wp-content\/uploads\/GriffinPepperberg-300x271.jpg\" alt=\"African grey parrot, African gray\" width=\"300\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/wp-content\/uploads\/GriffinPepperberg-300x271.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/wp-content\/uploads\/GriffinPepperberg-90x81.jpg 90w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/wp-content\/uploads\/GriffinPepperberg.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15498\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of Dr. Irene Pepperberg<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Nonscientists think that research always goes according to plan, that nothing unexpected ever happens. Of course, anyone who lives with a <a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/species\/parrot\/\">parrot<\/a> might know otherwise, and that person would be correct. It\u2019s not a common occurrence, but every once in awhile, our birds surprise us, and although many times the surprise provides exciting insights into their intelligence, occasionally the surprise is a bit less pleasant.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On the exciting side, we found, for example, that Alex learned the label \u201ccarrot\u201d by asking us what we were eating, and \u201corange\u201d by asking us its color (Pepperberg, 1999). He was able to transfer his understanding of the concept of \u201cabsence\u201d from the lack of either similarity or difference in the attributes of two objects (Pepperberg, 1987) to the total absence of a numerical set \u2014 a limited concept of zero (Pepperberg &amp; Gordon, 2005).<\/p>\n<p>Athena, our youngest, never having been trained on the label \u201cwater\u201d (although she heard us talk about it as we refilled her dishes every morning), reminded us one day \u2014 by uttering a very close approximation \u2014 that we forgot to replace her water bowl after lunch. Griffin would often produce labels after listening to our training sessions with Alex, even if he had never been trained himself. He learned labels such as \u201cseven\u201d and \u201ceight\u201d that way.<\/p>\n<p>On the less pleasant side, both Griffin and Alex (we think Griffin learned from Alex) sometimes show us that they are finished with sessions by giving us all the wrong answers and carefully avoiding the correct ones \u2014 something that they could not do just by chance \u2014 it\u2019s just not statistically possible! So, for example, Griffin, who knows his colors quite well, might refuse to label a green cup, calling it \u201cyellow\u201d, \u201corange\u201d, \u201crose\u201d, and \u201cblue\u201d\u2014 and then repeating all the erroneous color labels. Interestingly, however, we were able to use those data to suggest a level of intentionality and possibly consciousness in <a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/species\/african-grey-parrot\/\">Grey parrots<\/a> (see Pepperberg, 2012).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/wp-content\/uploads\/IMG_2121.mov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IMG_2121<\/a>Most recently, however, Griffin really outdid himself. We are doing a study on various forms of choice, and usually he gets to choose between things like a nut (clearly a treat) or a dried berry (something he likes, but not as much), or between things like the nut or a raw carrot (which he hates), between combinations like a nut or a nut and a carrot (does the carrot make the nut with which it is paired less appealing?) or sometimes between one or two nuts.<\/p>\n<p>The choices are presented in small metal cups that are placed on a tray, and he really likes these sessions because he always ends up with some kind of treat. Unfortunately for him, however, we also had to put in some control choices one morning \u2014 so his choice was between one or two carrot pieces. He looked in one cup and then the other, grabbed a cup, banged it furiously on the tray \u2014 and then <em>threw <\/em>first one cup and then the other cup at the poor student presenting the choice. Fortunately, the student was able to duck. I\u2019m guessing neither the student nor Griffin is looking forward to the rest of these control trials!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pepperberg, I.M. (1987b). Acquisition of the same\/different concept by an African Grey parrot (<em>Psittacus erithacus<\/em>): Learning with respect to categories of color, shape, and material. <em>Animal Learning &amp; Behavior<\/em>, 15:423\u2011432.<\/p>\n<p>Pepperberg, I.M. (1999). <em>The Alex Studies.<\/em> Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press<\/p>\n<p>Pepperberg, I.M. (2012a). Emotional birds\u2014or advanced cognitive processing? In <em>Emotions of Animals and Humans: Comparative Perspectives <\/em>S. Watanabe &amp; S. Kuczaj, Eds., Springer.com<\/p>\n<p>Pepperberg, I.M. &amp; Gordon, J.D. (2005). Numerical comprehension by a Grey Parrot (<em>Psittacus erithacus<\/em>), including a zero-like concept. <em>J. Comp Psychol.<\/em>119: 197-209.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research with parrots leads to some unexpected results. Some pleasant, like learning words that weren&#8217;t trained, and some unpleasant, like acting out.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":15498,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,171],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-behavior","category-everyday","bird-type-african-grey"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Parrots Can Play Mind Games &#8211; Pet Birds by Lafeber Co.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Research with parrots leads to some unexpected results. 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