{"id":16618,"date":"2017-05-31T07:00:46","date_gmt":"2017-05-31T07:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/?p=16618"},"modified":"2025-08-13T14:15:08","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T19:15:08","slug":"pepperbergs-parrots-surprise-word-choices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/pet-birds\/pepperbergs-parrots-surprise-word-choices\/","title":{"rendered":"Pepperberg’s Parrots Surprise With Word Choices"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cHidden\u201d Words<\/h3>\n
\"\"
Griffin being trained on \u201c3-corner wood.\u201d Courtesy of Dr. Irene Pepperberg<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

My parrots<\/a> are trained to communicate with humans<\/a> using English speech, and most of the time they do pretty well. Not only do they respond to our questions asking them to label colors, shapes, materials, and toys, but they also ask us<\/em> for various items or to be moved to different locations. So it\u2019s quite common to hear Griffin saying something like \u201cWanna nut\u201d (a treat available only during training or testing sessions) and \u201cWanna go back\u201d (to his cage), or Athena trying to produce a clear version of \u201cchair\u201d so that she can join her human companions on the armchairs in the lab.<\/p>\n

Sometimes, however, the birds simply stop producing certain vocalizations; these labels just seem to disappear. We think it is because the items to which the labels refer (usually healthy foods or familiar toys) are always available, and as a consequence the parrots do not often need to request these things. Alex kept most of his labels active because he would frequently comment on what he was eating or chewing apart (e.g., respectively, \u201cyellow corn\u201d or \u201cwood\u201d), even when we didn\u2019t require him to do so. However, neither Griffin nor Athena seem to think that kind of chatter is important and don\u2019t engage in such behavior. But we\u2019ve learned that labels that aren\u2019t commonly used haven\u2019t entirely gone away; rather, they are \u201chidden.\u201d<\/p>\n

Proof That Parrots Do Not Forget Words<\/h3>\n

For example: We recently had a film crew in the lab, and thus the parrots\u2019 lunch was not on time. Too, their breakfast food bowls were not in the usual spot atop their cages because of a particular shot that the crew wanted. All of a sudden (and, of course, after the camera was turned off!), we heard Griffin\u2019s very plaintiff \u201cwant banerry!\u201d (Alex\u2019s and Griffin\u2019s label for apple). One of my students, who had been in the lab for over a year, was totally taken aback\u2026this was the first time she had heard the label!<\/p>\n

We sometimes joke about Griffin\u2019s roughly once-a-year request for \u201cgrain\u201d (cooked grains), because this food appears like clockwork twice a day and only rarely does he decide that he wants it at an unusual time. We even saw a related behavior with Alex. He really liked fresh cherries that we pitted for him, but they are a seasonal fruit and thus were rarely available. However, each year, as soon as we could access a new crop from the grocery store, he quickly identified this favored food, using a label that he hadn\u2019t uttered for many months.<\/p>\n

Parrot Surprise Words<\/h3>\n

Other times, we have no idea that a bird has learned a label until it is used in a novel situation. One day, the students forgot to replace Athena\u2019s water bowl after the noon-time cleaning of her cage. About an hour later, we heard her saying something that sounded very much like \u201cwa-er\u201d\u2026 unlike anything she had previously uttered \u2026 and realized our mistake. We wouldn\u2019t replicate the circumstances by choice, but do wonder if it would happen again.<\/p>\n

And then there was the time that we were trying very hard to teach Alex \u201cseven\u201d\u2026 Saying \u201cv\u201d without lips is difficult, and training was going slowly; he was approximating the label by saying \u201cs\u2026none\u201d or \u201cs\u2026one\u201d (Pepperberg, 2007). Everyone in the lab was quite surprised one day to hear that vocalization coming from a different cage\u2026Griffin had clearly been attending to Alex\u2019s training and decided he could get some attention if he produced this approximation\u2026and, of course, he was correct.<\/p>\n

Parrots Getting Words Right<\/h3>\n

Finally, we know from an earlier study (Pepperberg, Brese, & Harris, 1991), that Alex would sometimes practice a label in our absence until he got it right…we learned, but only after we set up a tape-recorder to track his behavior when he was alone, that he was actually trying to say a new label weeks before he produced it clearly in our presence. We still aren\u2019t sure why he engaged in such behavior, but maybe he just wanted to avoid the somewhat negative feedback (\u201cAlex, you\u2019re close\u2026say better!\u201d) he received when he practiced during training.<\/p>\n

The take-home message is that even with birds that live in a laboratory and are being trained to talk \u2014 we never know quite what we will \u2014 or will not \u2014 hear!<\/p>\n

Pepperberg, I.M. (2007a). Grey parrots do not always \u2018parrot\u2019: Phonological awareness and the creation of new labels from existing vocalizations. Language Sciences 29: 1-13.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pepperberg, I.M., Brese, K.J., & Harris, B.J. (1991). Solitary sound play during acqui\u00adsition of English vocalizations by an African Grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus): Possible parallels with children’s mono\u00adlogue speech. Applied Psycholinguistics, 12:151\u2011177.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The talkative African grey parrots Dr. Pepperberg works with in her research lab communicate in English, and sometimes they surprise lab staff. 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