{"id":11589,"date":"2010-12-27T06:00:50","date_gmt":"2010-12-27T12:00:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lafeber.com\/staging\/vet\/?p=11589"},"modified":"2026-05-31T01:12:44","modified_gmt":"2026-05-31T06:12:44","slug":"how-to-guide-intravenous-catheter-placement-in-the-bird","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/how-to-guide-intravenous-catheter-placement-in-the-bird\/","title":{"rendered":"Intravenous Catheter Placement in the Bird"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Introduction<\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"Top Ten Fluid Therapy Facts\" href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/top-ten-fluid-therapy-facts\/\">Fluid therapy<\/a> is a vital part of avian medicine, and appropriate administration of fluids is essential. Intravenous (IV) catheters are commonly used intraoperatively or in more stable hospitalized patients. Unfortunately intravenous\u00a0catheter placement in the bird can be challenging. Bird veins can be difficult to access, and the vessels are also prone to hematoma formation. <a title=\"Intraosseous Catheter Placement in the Bird\" href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/intraosseous-catheter-placement-in-the-bird\/\">Intraosseous catheter placement<\/a> is generally faster and easier in birds and should be used as a first choice in an emergency situation.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Video<\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/36936105?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"640\" height=\"441\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<small>Video produced by Dr. M. Scott Echols and narrated by Dr. Susan Orosz.<\/small><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Equipment needed<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Small, short indwelling catheter (Select a 24 or 26-ga catheter for most parrots, a 22-ga catheter may be used in a large bird).<\/li>\n<li>T-port or PRN adapter with a plug-tip (Avoid screw-tip or luer lock adapters, as the weight of the screw tends to pull the catheter back out of the vein).<\/li>\n<li>White porous tape<\/li>\n<li>Bandage material<\/li>\n<li>Suture<\/li>\n<li>Surgical glue (<em>optional<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Restraint Collars in Birds: Types of Restraint Collars and Specific Issues with Restraint Collars\" href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/restraint-collars\/\">Elizabethan collar<\/a> (<em>optional<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Potential complications<\/h2>\n<p>Significant bleeding can occur if an IV catheter is pulled out or slides out, particularly if a large bandage covers the catheter.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Accessible veins for IV catheter placement<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Jugular catheters<\/strong> may be placed in birds as small as 75 grams (Fig 1).\n<div id=\"attachment_11594\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-catheter-jugular.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11594\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11594\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-catheter-jugular-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"The right jugular vein tends to be larger.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-catheter-jugular-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-catheter-jugular-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-catheter-jugular.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11594\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong> The right jugular vein tends to be larger. Photo credit: Dr. Lauren Powers.\u00a0<em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Catheters may be placed in the <strong>medial metatarsal vein<\/strong> of birds exceeding 300 grams (Fig 2).\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11601\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-medial-metatarsal.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11601\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11601\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-medial-metatarsal-400x288.jpg\" alt=\"The medial metatarsal vein\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-medial-metatarsal-400x288.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-medial-metatarsal-500x361.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-medial-metatarsal.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11601\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2.<\/strong> The medial metatarsal vein is selected in larger birds or in species that lack a featherless tract overlying the jugular vein such as pigeons. <em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>basilic vein<\/strong>, also known as the cutaneous ulnar or \u201cwing\u201d vein, is very superficial and at particular risk for hematoma formation. Therefore this vessel is typically used only for surgical procedures (Fig 3).\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11607\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-basilic-vein.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11607\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11607\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-basilic-vein-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"The basilic vein, also known as the cutaneous ulnar or wing vein\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-basilic-vein-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-basilic-vein-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-basilic-vein.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11607\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 3.<\/strong> The basilic vein, also known as the cutaneous ulnar or wing vein, is visible just underneath the skin as it passes over the medial surface of the elbow. \u00a0Photo credit: Dr. Lauren Powers.\u00a0<em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Step-by-step instruction for jugular catheter placement<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>General anesthesia is typically required unless the patient is extremely weak.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the featherless tract or aptyerylae overlying the right jugular vein (Fig 4).\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11611\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-2-featherless-tract.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11611\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11611\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-2-featherless-tract-400x225.jpg\" alt=\"The jugular vein\" width=\"400\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-2-featherless-tract-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-2-featherless-tract-500x281.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-2-featherless-tract.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11611\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.<\/strong> The jugular vein of most birds lies within a featherless tract or apterylae. <em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>Prepare the skin aseptically.<\/li>\n<li>Enter the vessel in the distal one-half to one-third of the neck. Select a catheter of sufficient length to reach the thoracic inlet to minimize the risk of kinking (Fig 5).\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11617\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-4-inserting-cath.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11617\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11617\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-4-inserting-cath-400x288.jpg\" alt=\"Enter the vessel in the distal one-half to one-third of the neck\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-4-inserting-cath-400x288.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-4-inserting-cath-500x360.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-4-inserting-cath.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11617\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 5.<\/strong> Enter the vessel in the distal one-half to one-third of the neck. <em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>Secure the catheter using butterfly tape and stay sutures (Fig 6). Place the suture caudal to the catheter. If placed cranially, the catheter can easily come out with neck movement.\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11621\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-5-suturing.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11621\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11621\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-5-suturing-400x224.jpg\" alt=\"Secure the catheter with a butterfly strip of tape and suture\" width=\"400\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-5-suturing-400x224.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-5-suturing-500x281.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-5-suturing.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11621\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 6.<\/strong> Secure the catheter with a butterfly strip of tape and suture. <em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>Loosely encircle the catheter with a padded wrap to improve stability.<\/li>\n<li>If the catheter will be maintained in a conscious patient, tape the T-port to an area on the outside of the bandage that the bird is least likely to reach with its beak (Fig 7).\n<p><div id=\"attachment_11624\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-7-bandaged.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11624\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11624\" src=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-7-bandaged-400x329.jpg\" alt=\"Tape T-port to an area outside of the bandage\" width=\"400\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-7-bandaged-400x329.jpg 400w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-7-bandaged-500x412.jpg 500w, https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/IV-cath-Step-7-bandaged.jpg 686w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-11624\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 7.<\/strong> Tape the T-port to an area outside of the bandage not easily reached by the beak. <em>Click image to enlarge.<\/em><\/p><\/div><\/li>\n<li>Monitor the bird closely for signs of chewing, and consider using an <a href=\"https:\/\/lafeber.com\/vet\/restraint-collars\/\">Elizabethan collar<\/a> on birds with leg or wing catheters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"ref\">References<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fluid therapy is a vital part of avian medicine, and appropriate administration of fluids is essential. Intravenous catheters are commonly used intraoperatively or in more stable hospitalized patients. Unfortunately intravenous catheter placement in birds can be challenging. The veins can be difficult to access and the vessels are also prone to hematoma formation.<\/p>\n<p>Use this video clip or text with still images to review the equipment needed, the technique involved, and potential venipuncture sites including the jugular vein, medial metatarsal vein and basilic or ulnar vein.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11624,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[147,247],"class_list":["post-11589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-jugular","tag-vein","content_types-article","content_types-video","topics-critical-care","topics-supportive-care","procedures-fluid-therapy","procedures-supportive-care-therapeutics","procedures-therapeutics","species-avian","channel-emergency-medicine","channel-resources-education","contributor-pollock","contributor-echols","contributor-antinoff"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Intravenous Catheter Placement in the Bird - LafeberVet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Use this avian critical care video or text with still images to review technique &amp; 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