Article 

Avian Euthanasia: Welfare Considerations & Clinical Techniques

Euthanasia may be considered an essential part of veterinary practice, however the incredible diversity of class Aves creates special challenges for veterinary health professionals seeking to provide a death free of distress or pain. This review article first explores personnel and owner considerations, before beginning a discussion on the use pre-visit anxiolytics and general anesthesia. Important euthanasia agents as well as common routes of administration are explored in detail, before concluding with a brief discussion of field euthanasia techniques and confirmation of death.

Aneesa Malik MSc, RVN, Cert VNES, Cert VNECC, APVN (Zoo)

Aneesa Malik is a registered veterinary nurse from the United Kingdom. She has worked in first opinion, charity, emergency, referral, exotics, and with some species of British wildlife. Aneesa has completed The Advanced Programme in Nursing (APVN) of Zoo Animals course and she is also Fear Free certified. Her interests and learning aims within nursing are veterinary ethics and welfare. Specifically, her focus is the emergency and critical patient, the wildlife and exotic patient, animal pain, and the end-of-life patient.