Key Points
- This case report earned an Honorable Mention in the 2018 AEMV-Lafeber Company Student Case Report Contest.
- A 1-year-old female intact lionhead rabbit was referred for a history of hematuria, bloody vaginal discharge, anorexia, and lethargy unresponsive to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications.
- Based upon physical examination, radiographs and abdominal ultrasonography a uterine mass was suspected.
- Severe regenerative anemia secondary to blood loss was diagnosed and the rabbit was administered a whole blood transfusion prior to surgical intervention.
- Abdominal exploratory with ovariohysterectomy revealed a discolored, abnormally thickened left uterus.
- Histopathologic evaluation of the uterus confirmed an endometrial venous aneurysm as the cause of the patient’s clinical signs.
- Ovariohysterectomy was curative and the patient recovered completely.
- This case highlights an important differential diagnosis for a rabbit with hematuria and an enlarged uterus that has a good prognosis when treated with ovariohysterectomy.
A 1-year-old female intact lionhead rabbit was referred for a history of hematuria, bloody vaginal discharge, anorexia, and lethargy unresponsive to antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications. Based upon physical examination, radiographs and abdominal ultrasonography a uterine mass was suspected. Severe regenerative anemia secondary to blood loss was diagnosed and the rabbit was administered a whole blood transfusion prior to surgical intervention. Abdominal exploratory with ovariohysterectomy revealed . . .
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References
1. Fisher P, Graham J. Hematologic and serum biochemical values of rabbits. In: Carpenter JW, Marion CM (eds). Exotic Animal Formulary. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier; 2018: 517-518.
2. Bray MV, Weir EC, Brownstein DG, Delano ML. Endometrial venous aneurysms in three New Zealand white rabbits. Lab Anim Sci 42(4):360-362, 1992
3. Klaphake E, Murphy JP. Disorders of the reproductive and urinary system. In: K.E. Quesenberry, J.W. Carpenter (eds). Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents: Clinical Medicine and Surgery, 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders;2012:17-232.
Patel S, Keller K. Endometrial venous aneurysm in a lionhead rabbit. May 30, 2018. LafeberVet Web site. Available at https://lafeber.com/vet/endometrial-venous-aneurysm/