Referring Non-Traditional Species

Introduction

Depending on the problem encountered, referral may be in the patient’s best interest as the general practitioner or emergency clinic may lack the necessary expertise, equipment, or medication. Referral may also be indicated when you have an inconclusive diagnosis or when the client requests a second opinion.

Plan ahead

Identify and build relationships with specialists in your region before they are needed.

• The American Board of Veterinary Practitioners has specialty categories in avian, exotic companion mammal, and reptile and amphibian medicine.
• Members of the American College of Zoological Medicine are unlikely to work directly with companion animals but ACZM diplomates as well as local zoo or aquarium staff may be able to refer you to experienced private practitioners in the area.

Veterinarians with a strong interest in zoological medicine may also be found on the following websites:

• Association of Avian Veterinarians
• Association of Exotic Mammal Veterinarians
• Association of Reptile and Amphibian Veterinarians

There are also telemedicine services that may help in a pinch or when your practice is located in an isolated region:

• Antech Diagnostics Online
• Veterinary Answers

Responsibilities of the referring veterinarian and the specialist

Referrals work best when both the referring veterinarian (RDVM) and the specialist strive for excellent communication while fostering a team approach to patient care. This level of communication should always be provided even in cases of client self referral. Detailed guidelines for the referral process may be found on the American Animal Hospital Association’s website.

Referring veterinarian

Prepare the client by providing realistic expectations. Make sure the owner is clear about the purpose of the receiving veterinarians’ consultation, their advanced credentials, qualifications and expertise as well as their initial fees.

The RDVM should refer the patient in a timely manner, providing legible notes with a written or typed summary note. Inform the receiving veterinarian whenever your patient returns for the referred problem regardless of whether the visit is expected or unexpected.

Specialist

The receiving veterinarian or specialist should provide guidance to the RDVM regarding how their fees should be discussed with clients prior to referral. Provide the RDVM with information to be conveyed to the client at the time of referral through a brochure or access to your website.

The specialist should update the RDVM by phone or fax during the patient’s hospitalization. Patient services should be limited to the problem for which the animal was referred. Additional services should be provided only when they are in the best interest of the patient. A detailed written and/or verbal summary and follow-up care recommendations should also be provided at discharge. The specialist should also be available for follow-up after the patient’s discharge including after-hours.

References